Optimization of window area in buildings from the viewpoint of energy efficiency - Kabul, Afghanistan

Abstract The proportion of window area on a building façade is one the key energy-saving design parameters affecting indoor thermal comfort, and energy performance building. To avoid excessive loss or gain, determining optimal size essential. Accordingly, this paper aims to investigate impact Window-to-Wall ratio (WWR) all sixteen cardinal, intercardinal, secondary intercardinal directions consumption buildings in Kabul, Afghanistan. Simulation models were built analyzed using BEopt™ simulation software. results indicate that climatic condition windows only southeast, south-southeast, south, south-southwest façades have potential while providing other facades higher demands compared windowless façades. total demand graph room with various WWR form U-shaped curve minimum value when 0.15, 0.3, 0.35, 0.25 respectively. maximum amount saving achieved by optimization 6.5%. However, adding up WWR-0.7 increases 29%. study concludes different orientations during process will contribute reduction heating cooling consumption.